CVE-2025-54782
High PUBLISHED@nestjs/devtools-integration's CSRF to Sandbox Escape Allows for RCE against JS Developers
Not yet in CISA KEV
Recommended Action
Prioritize remediation. Validate affected assets and apply vendor fixes on an accelerated timeline.
At a Glance
Nest is a framework for building scalable Node.js server-side applications. In versions 0.2.0 and below, a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was discovered in the @nestjs/devtools-integration package. When enabled, the package exposes a local development HTTP server with an API endpoint that uses an unsafe JavaScript sandbox (safe-eval-like implementation). Due to improper sandboxing and missing cross-origin protections, any malicious website visited by a developer can execute arbitrary code on their local machine. The package adds HTTP endpoints to a locally running NestJS development server. One of these endpoints, /inspector/graph/interact, accepts JSON input containing a code field and executes the provided code in a Node.js vm.runInNewContext sandbox. This is fixed in version 0.2.1.
- CVE Published
- Aug 01, 2025
- Exploitation Reported
- Sep 18, 2025
- CVSS
- 9.4 Critical
- EPSS
- —
Affected Versions
| Vendor | Product | Version | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| nestjs |
nest
|
< 0.2.1 |
Affected |
CVE References
- https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisories/GHSA-85cg-cmq5-qjm7 github.com · CVE Record https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisories/GHSA-85cg-cmq5-qjm7
- https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-devtools-integration-rce-poc github.com · CVE Record https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-devtools-integration-rce-poc
- https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-typescript-starter-w-devtools-integration github.com · CVE Record https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-typescript-starter-w-devtools-i...
- https://nodejs.org/api/vm.html nodejs.org · CVE Record https://nodejs.org/api/vm.html
- https://socket.dev/blog/nestjs-rce-vuln socket.dev · CVE Record https://socket.dev/blog/nestjs-rce-vuln
Recommended Actions
- Prioritize remediation. Validate affected assets and apply vendor fixes on an accelerated timeline.
- Check enrichment artifacts for scanner coverage and available PoCs before rolling remediation validation.
- Use the Pro API to automate enrichment, telemetry, and workflow delivery for VM, SOC, and CTI pipelines.
Known Exploited Vulnerability Sources
Catalogues that list this CVE as a known exploited vulnerability.
Per-source evidence links for KEV attestations are available through the KEVIntel Pro API.
Learn about Pro API access| Source | Added |
|---|---|
| The Shadowserver First | 2025-09-18 00:00 UTC |
Scanner Artifacts
Nuclei and Metasploit references linked to this CVE.
| Scanner | Reference | Detected |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclei | https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2025/CVE-2025-54782.yaml | Jun 01, 2026 |
Virtual Patch
Compensating WAF rules to help reduce exposure to this CVE. Rule content and deployable vendor exports are available with KEVIntel Enterprise.
KEVIntel does not currently have a virtual patch for this CVE. When available, KEVIntel virtual patches ship as deployable ModSecurity, Cloudflare, and AWS WAF rules.
Enterprise feature. Virtual patch rule content and deployable vendor exports (ModSecurity, Cloudflare, AWS WAF) are available to KEVIntel Enterprise users.
CVSS Scores
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
Exploitation Status
Exploited in the wild
Recorded 2025-09-18 00:00:00 UTC · The Shadowserver
Proof of concept available
Recorded 2026-06-12 14:21:08 UTC · Nuclei Templates
Weaknesses (CWE)
-
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
-
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
-
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Scanner Integrations
| Scanner | Reference | Detected |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclei | https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2025/CVE-2025-54782.yaml | Jun 01, 2026 |
Potential Proof of Concepts
These PoCs are unverified and could contain malware. Use at your own risk.
nuclei · Created Unknown
Timeline
Key exploitation, disclosure, scanner coverage, and KEV attestation events for this CVE.
-
14:21 UTC about 1 month ago14:21 UTC · about 1 month ago
Public PoC available
Public proof-of-concept code published
-
15:34 UTC about 2 months ago15:34 UTC · about 2 months ago
Nuclei template available
Scanner coverage available
-
00:00 UTC 10 months ago00:00 UTC · 10 months ago
Added to KEVIntel KEV Feed
High-confidence, third-party attested exploitation
-
23:36 UTC 12 months ago23:36 UTC · 12 months ago
CVE published
Vulnerability disclosed publicly
-
16:50 UTC 12 months ago16:50 UTC · 12 months ago
CVE ID reserved
Identifier reserved by the CNA
Automate This Intelligence with the Pro API
Confidence scoring, exploit status, sensor telemetry, PoCs, scanner integrations, mentions, and tags are available programmatically for VM, SOC, and CTI workflows.
Pro API Example
GET /api/v2/pro/kevs/CVE-2025-54782
{
"cve_id": "CVE-2025-54782",
"title": "@nestjs/devtools-integration\'s CSRF to Sandbox Escape Allows for RCE against ...",
"affected_vendor": "nestjs",
"affected_product": "nest",
"affected_versions": [
{ "vendor": "...", "product": "...", "status": "affected", "display_label": "..." }
],
"confidence": "High",
"cvss_score": 9.4,
"epss_score": null,
"exploit_status": {
"exploited_in_the_wild": true,
"active_exploitation_observed": false
},
"sensor_telemetry": { "...": "Pro API fields" },
"proof_of_concepts": [ "..." ],
"scanner_integrations": [ "..." ]
}